You can find two types of images in the templates.

Images placed on the slide

Pictures inserted on the slides are usually cropped using a shape (circle, triangle, etc). Simply click the picture you want to replace and then click the Change/Replace Picture option.

Follow Google Slides step by step instructions.

Background images

Any image that keeps a 16:9 ratio will fit, I use 1280x720px or 1920x1080px images but you can use a ratio calculator to find the sizes that will work.

To learn how to set your own photos as background in Google Slides check this answer.